خواص دارویی و گیاهی
By mouth
2.5 mg twice daily.
5 mg twice daily.
10 mg once daily.
10 mg once daily.
داروی cetirizine 10
In children
Not licensed for use in children under 2 years.
Epilepsy
Agitation; asthenia; diarrhoea; malaise; paraesthesia; skin reactions
Aggression; angioedema; confusion; depression; hallucination; hepatic function abnormal; insomnia; movement disorders; oculogyration; oedema; seizure; syncope; tachycardia; taste altered; thrombocytopenia; tic; tremor; urinary disorders; vision disorders; weight increased
Abdominal pain; appetite increased; dizziness; drowsiness; dry mouth; headache; memory loss; nausea; pharyngitis; suicidal ideation; vertigo
Non-sedating antihistamines such as certirizine hydrochloride cause less sedation and psychomotor impairment than the older antihistamines, but can still occur; sedation is generally minimal. This is because non-sedating antihistamines penetrate the blood brain barrier to a much lesser extent.
Most manufacturers of antihistamines advise avoiding their use during pregnancy; however, there is no evidence of teratogenicity.
Most antihistamines are present in breast milk in varying amounts; although not known to be harmful, most manufacturers advise avoiding their use in mothers who are breast-feeding.
In adults
Avoid if eGFR less than 10 mL/minute/1.73 m2.
In children
Avoid if estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 10 mL/minute/1.73 m2.
In adults
Use half normal dose if eGFR 30–50 mL/minute/1.73 m2.
Use half normal dose and reduce dose frequency to alternate days if eGFR 10–30 mL/minute/1.73 m2.
In children
Use half normal dose if estimated glomerular filtration rate 30–50 mL/minute/1.73 m2.
Use half normal dose and reduce dose frequency to alternate days if estimated glomerular filtration rate 10–30 mL/minute/1.73 m2.
www.medicinesforchildren.org.uk/cetirizine-hay-fever-0
Although drowsiness is rare, nevertheless patients should be advised that it can occur and may affect performance of skilled tasks (e.g. cycling or driving); alcohol should be avoided.
Cetirizine Tablets 10 mg may be prescribed.
Cetirizine Oral Solution 5 mg/5 mL may be prescribed.
There can be variation in the licensing of different medicines containing the same drug.
Oral solution, Tablet, Capsule
Other drugs classified as non-sedating antihistamines
© NICE 2019. All rights reserved. Subject to Notice of rights.
Cetirizine, also commonly known as Zyrtec, is an orally active second-generation histamine H1 antagonist proven effective in the treatment of various allergic symptoms, such as sneezing, coughing, nasal congestion, hives, and other symptoms 1, 2.
One of the most common uses for this drug is for a condition called allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in the United States is about 15% according to physician diagnoses, and up to 30%, according to self-reported nasal symptoms. Allergic rhinitis is associated with multiple missed or unproductive days at work and school, problems with sleep, and other difficulties with day to day activities for many individuals 3. Furthermore, some antihistamine agents that are used to treat this condition cause undesirable, sedating effects 4.
Cetirizine is one of the first second-generation H1 antihistamines (SGAHs)formulated to selectively inhibit the H1 receptor without sedating effects 2.
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.
داروی cetirizine 10
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: Indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis caused by allergens such as ragweed, grass and tree pollens in adults and children 2 years of age and above. Symptoms treated effectively include sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal pruritus, ocular pruritus, tearing, and redness of the eyes Label.
Perennial allergic rhinitis: This drug is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with perennial allergic rhinitis due to allergens including dust mites, animal dander, and molds in adults and children 6 months of age and older. Symptoms treated effectively include sneezing, rhinorrhea, postnasal discharge, nasal pruritus, ocular pruritus, and tearing Label.
Chronic urticaria: Cetirizine is indicated for the treatment of the uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria in adults and children 6 months of age and older. It markedly reduces the occurrence, severity, and duration of hives and significantly reduces pruritus Label.
General effects and respiratory effects
Cetirizine, the active metabolite of the piperazine H1-receptor antagonist hydroxyzine, minimizes or eliminates the symptoms of chronic idiopathic urticaria, perennial allergic rhinitis, seasonal allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, physical urticaria, and atopic dermatitis.
The clinical efficacy of cetirizine for allergic respiratory diseases has been well established in numerous trials Label.
Effects on urticaria/anti-inflammatory effects
It has anti-inflammatory properties that may play a role in asthma management 1. There is evidence that cetirizine improves symptoms of urticaria. Marked clinical inhibition of a wheal and flare response occurs in infants, children as well as adults within 20 minutes of one oral dose and lasts for 24 h 1. Concomitant use of cetirizine reduces the duration and dose of topical anti-inflammatory formulas used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis 1.
Cetirizine, a metabolite of hydroxyzine, is an antihistamine drug. Its main effects are achieved through selective inhibition of peripheral H1 receptors. The antihistamine activity of cetirizine has been shown in a variety of animal and human models. In vivo and ex vivo animal models have shown insignificant anticholinergic and antiserotonergic effects. In clinical studies, however, dry mouth was found to be more frequent with cetirizine than with a placebo. In vitro receptor binding studies have demonstrated no detectable affinity of cetirizine for histamine receptors other than the H1 receptors. Studies with radiolabeled cetirizine administration in the rat have demonstrated insignificant penetration into the brain. Ex vivo studies in the mouse have shown that systemically administered cetirizine does not occupy cerebral H1 receptors significantly Label.
Comprehensive structured data on known drug adverse effects with statistical prevalence. MedDRA and ICD10 ids are provided for adverse effect conditions and symptoms.
Structured data covering drug contraindications. Each contraindication describes a scenario in which the drug is not to be used. Includes restrictions on co-administration, contraindicated populations, and more.
Structured data representing warnings from the black box section of drug labels. These warnings cover important and dangerous risks, contraindications, or adverse effects.
Cetirizine was rapidly absorbed with a time to maximum concentration (Tmax) of about 1 hour after oral administration of tablets or syrup formulation in adult volunteers Label. Bioavailability was found to be similar between the tablet and syrup dosage forms. When healthy study volunteers were given several doses of cetirizine (10 mg tablets once daily for 10 days), a mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 311 ng/mL was measured Label.
Effect of food on absorption
Food had no effect on cetirizine exposure (AUC), however, Tmax was delayed by 1.7 hours and Cmax was decreased by 23% in the fed state Label.
Apparent volume of distribution: 0.44 +/- 0.19 L/kg 5.
The mean plasma protein binding of cetirizine is 93% Label.
A mass balance clinical trial comprised of 6 healthy male study volunteers showed that 70% of the administered radioactivity was measured in the urine and 10% in the feces after cetirizine administration. About 50% of the radioactivity was measured in the urine as unchanged cetirizine. Most of the rapid increase in peak plasma radioactivity was related to the parent drug, implying a low level of first pass metabolism. This prevents potential interactions of cetirizine with drugs interacting with hepatic cytochrome enzymes 1.
Cetirizine is metabolized partially by oxidative O-dealkylation to a metabolite with insignificant antihistaminic activity. The enzyme or enzymes responsible for this step in cetirizine metabolism have not yet been identified Label.
Mainly eliminated in the urine Label, 1.
Between 70 – 85% of an orally administered dose can be found in the urine and 10 – 13% in the feces 1.
Plasma elimination half-life is 8.3 hours Label.
Apparent total body clearance: approximately 53 mL/min Label.
Cetirizine is mainly eliminated by the kidneys 1, Label. Dose adjustment is required for patients with moderate to severe renal impairment and in patients on hemodialysis Label.
Oral LD50 (rat): 365 mg/kg; Intraperitoneal LDLO (mouse): 138 mg/kg; Oral TDLO (rat): 50 mg/kg; Oral TDLO (mouse): 0.1 mg/kg MSDS.
Carcinogenesis and mutagenesis: In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in rats, cetirizine was not shown to be carcinogenic at dietary doses up to 20 mg/kg (approximately 15 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose in adults). In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in mice, cetirizine administration lead to an incidence of benign liver tumors in males at a dietary dose of 16 mg/kg (approximately 6 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose in adults). The clinical significance of these findings during long-term use of cetirizine is unknown at this time Label.
Cetirizine was not mutagenic in the Ames test, and not clastogenic in the human lymphocyte assay, the mouse lymphoma assay, and in vivo micronucleus test in rats Label.
Impairment of fertility
In a fertility and reproduction study in mice, cetirizine did not negatively impact fertility at an oral dose of 64 mg/kg (approximately 25 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose in adults) Label.
Pregnancy Category B:
In mice, rats, and rabbits, cetirizine was not teratogenic at oral doses up to 96, 225, and 135 mg/kg, respectively (approximately 40, 180 and 220 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose in adults). There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal studies are not always predictive of human response, cetirizine should be used in pregnancy only if clearly needed Label.
داروی cetirizine 10
Use in breastfeeding/nursing
Cetirizine has been reported to be excreted in human breast milk. The use of cetirizine in nursing mothers is not recommended Label.
Extended description of the mechanism of action and particular properties of each drug interaction.
A severity rating for each drug interaction, from minor to major.
A rating for the strength of the evidence supporting each drug interaction.
An effect category for each drug interaction. Know how this interaction affects the subject drug.
Manne Reddy, “Polymorphic forms of dihydrochloride salts of cetirizine and processes for preparation thereof.” U.S. Patent US20040186112, issued September 23, 2004.
The date on which a patent was filed with the relevant government.
There is additional data available for commercial users including Adverse Effects, Contraindications, and Blackbox Warnings. Contact us to learn more about these and other features.
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on July 08, 2019 12:21
UK Edition. Click here for US version.
(Cetirizine hydrochloride)
Read all of this leaflet carefully because it contains important information for you.
This medicine is available without prescription. However, you still need to use Cetirizine 10 mg
Tablets carefully to get the best results from it.
In this leaflet:
داروی cetirizine 10
Cetirizine hydrochloride is the active ingredient
of Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets.
Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets is an antiallergic
medication.
In adults and children aged 6 year and above,
Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets are indicated
Do not take Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets
You should not take Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets:
Take special care with Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets
If you have kidney problems, please ask your
doctor for advice; if necessary, you may have to
take a lower dose. The new dose will be
determined by your doctor.
If you are an epileptic patient or a patient at risk
of convulsions, you should ask your doctor for
advice.
Taking other medicines
Please tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are
taking or have recently taken any other medicines,
including medicines obtained without a
prescription.
Due to the profile of cetirizine, no interactions with
other drugs are expected.
Taking Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets with food and
drink
Food does not noticeably affect the absorption of
cetirizine.
No interactions having a noticeable impact have
been observed between alcohol (at the blood
level of 0.5 per millilitre corresponding to one
glass of wine) and cetirizine used at the normal
doses. However, as it is the case with all
antihistamines, it is recommended to avoid
consumption of alcohol while taking this medicine.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding
Ask your doctor for advice before taking any
medicine.
As with other drugs, use of Cetirizine 10 mg
Tablets should be avoided by pregnant women.
Accidental use of the drug by a pregnant woman
should not produce any harmful effects on the
foetus. Nevertheless, the administration of the
medicine should be discontinued.
You should not take Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets
during breast-feeding because cetirizine passes
into breast milk.
Driving and using machines
Clinical studies have produced no evidence of
impaired attention, alertness and driving
capabilities after taking Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets
at the recommended dose.
If you intend to drive, operate machinery, or
perform other tasks that need your full attention,
you should not exceed the recommended dose
and you should closely observe your response
to the drug.If you are a sensitive patient, you may
find that the simultaneous use of alcohol or other
nervous depressant agents may additionally affect
your attention and ability to react.
Important information about some of the
ingredients of Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets
Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets contain lactose; if you
have been told by your doctor that you have an
intolerance to some sugars, please contact your
doctor before taking this medicinal product.
Allergy skin test
If you are going to have an allergy skin test stop
taking Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets for three days
before the test.
How and when should you take Cetirizine 10
mg Tablets?
These guidelines apply unless your doctor has
given you different instructions on how to use
Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets.
Please follow these instructions, otherwise Cetirizine
10 mg Tablets may not be fully effective.
Tablets need to be swallowed with a glass of
liquid.
Adults and adolescents above 12 years old:
10 mg once daily as one tablet.
Children between 6 and 12 years old:
5 mg twice daily as half a tablet.
Patients with kidney problems:
Patients with moderate renal impairment are
recommended to take 5 mg once daily as a half
tablet.
داروی cetirizine 10
If you feel that the effect of Cetirizine 10 mg
Tablets is too weak or too strong, please consult
your doctor.
If you take more Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets than
you should
If you think you have taken an overdose of
Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets, please inform your doctor.
Your doctor will then decide what measures, if any,
should be taken.
After an overdose, the side effects described
below may occur with increased intensity. Adverse
effects such as confusion, diarrhoea, dizziness,
tiredness, headache, ailing, dilating (widening)
of the pupil, itching, restlessness, sedation,
somnolence, stupor, abnormal rapid heart rate,
tremors and urinary retention have been reported.
If you forget to take Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets
If you forget to take a tablet, take it as soon as
you remember, but wait at least 24 hours before
taking the next tablet. Do not take a double dose
to make up for a forgotten dose.
If you stop taking Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets
If you have any further questions on the use of
this product, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
Like all medicines, Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets can
cause side effects, although not everybody gets
them.
The following side effects have been reported in
post marketing experience. The frequencies are
defined as such: (common: 1 patient out of 100
to less than 1 out of 10, uncommon: 1 out of
1,000 to less than 1 out of 100, rare: 1 out of
10,000 to less than 1 out of 1,000, very rare: less
than 1 out of 10,000, not known: cannot be
estimated from the available data).
If you develop one of the side effects
described above, please inform your doctor.
At the first signs of an allergic
(hypersensitivity) reaction, stop taking
Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets and contact your
doctor immediately. Symptoms of an allergic
(hypersensitivity) reaction include difficulty
breathing, swelling of the face, neck, tongue
or throat. Your doctor will then assess the
severity and decide on any further measures
that may be necessary.
If you think you have any side effects not
mentioned in this leaflet, please inform your
doctor or pharmacist.
Keep out of the reach and sight of children.
Do not use Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets after the
expiry date which is stated on the box and blister.
This medicine does not require any special
storage conditions.
What Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets contain
What Cetirizine 10 mg Tablets look like and
contents of the pack
White, capsule shaped film-coated tablets with
a score on one side.
There are 7, 10 or 30 tablets in a pack.
Not all pack sizes may be marketed.
Marketing Authorization Holder and
Manufacturer:
Dexcel®-Pharma Ltd., 7 Sopwith Way, Drayton
Fields, Daventry, Northamptonshire, NN11 8PB,
UK.
This leaflet was last revised in May 2012.
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.
Medical Disclaimer
Use these dosage charts for infants and children under 12 years old:
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A total of 239 drugs are known to interact with cetirizine.
Show all medications in the database that may interact with cetirizine.
Type in a drug name to check for interactions with cetirizine.
View interaction reports for cetirizine and the medicines listed below.
There is 1 alcohol/food interaction with cetirizine
داروی cetirizine 10
There are 2 disease interactions with cetirizine which include:
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.
Medical Disclaimer
Some mixtures of medications can lead to serious and even fatal consequences.
Here are 9 ways to stay safe
Use these dosage charts for infants and children under 12 years old:
prednisone, loratadine, montelukast, Zyrtec, Benadryl, promethazine, diphenhydramine, Xolair
Cetirizine reviews
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Cetirizine is an allergy medication that you can buy over-the-counter at a pharmacy. That is, you don’t need a prescription. The medication comes in capsules, tablets, and a syrup. You typically take it just once per day, and it begins to work quickly. It’s inexpensive, too — usually less than $1 per day for brand-name versions (Zyrtec, Aller-Tec, and Alleroff), and even less for generic products.
Generally, cetirizine is a safe and effective drug, but you should be aware of certain warnings and precautions when taking this drug. Learn how this drug works, what it’s used for, and how to take it safely.
If you have year-round symptoms, or seasonal allergies like hay fever, your doctor may recommend cetirizine. Cetirizine may help relieve these allergy symptoms, but it doesn’t prevent them.
When you come in contact with allergens, your body produces a chemical called histamine. Histamine causes most of the symptoms related to allergic reactions. Cetirizine is an antihistamine. It blocks the effects of histamine.
Cetirizine helps relieve mild to moderate allergy symptoms, such as:
داروی cetirizine 10
These reactions can happen after you touch or inhale allergens such as plant pollen, mold, or pet dander. Allergies usually affect your nose, sinuses, throat, and other areas of your upper respiratory system.
Cetirizine also helps relieve hives. They are itchy, raised rashes on the skin. Hives often occur with food or medication allergies.
Adults and children 2 years and older can take the syrup, which is fruit flavored. Adults and children 6 years and older and take the capsules and tablets.
The usual dosage for adults younger than 65 and children who are 6 years and older is one 10-milligram (mg) dose per day. You shouldn’t take more than 10 mg in 24 hours. Your doctor may recommend a 5-mg dose once or twice per day if your allergies are mild.
Talk to your doctor about dosage for people who:
Cetirizine is a newer, second-generation antihistamine. Unlike first-generation antihistamines, cetirizine is less likely to cause side effects such as dangerous drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, and overheating.
That said, Cetirizine can cause adverse effects, such as:
Tell your doctor about any unexpected side effects that you have while taking cetirizine. Also, discuss any ongoing or bothersome side effects. These effects are usually not emergencies.
Even though cetirizine doesn’t usually cause drowsiness, some people respond differently when taking it, especially in the first few doses. Be cautious, and don’t drive your car or use machinery until you know for sure how your body will respond to cetirizine.
Don’t use cetirizine if you have ever had an allergic reaction to it or to any of the ingredients in it. Also, steer clear of cetirizine if you are allergic to any antihistamine that contains hydroxyzine.
Talk to your doctor before you take cetirizine if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. Taking cetirizine is generally not recommended during pregnancy. It’s also not recommended if you breastfeed your child. This is because the drug passes into breast milk.
If you have liver or kidney disease, ask your doctor about taking cetirizine. If your doctor feels it is safe for you to take, they may recommend taking less than the typical dosage.
Cetirizine does interact with other substances. For example, avoid consuming alcoholic drinks while you take cetirizine. Doing so may be dangerous. Mixing cetirizine with alcohol can cause drowsiness or make you less alert.
If you take any type of tranquilizer, sedative, or sleep aid, make sure to ask your doctor before you use cetirizine. Mixing cetirizine with drugs that depress your central nervous system can amplify sedation. It can further impair your mental and nervous system functions.
There is a possibility of a drug interaction between cetirizine and theophylline. Theophylline (Theo-24, Theolair) is a drug that some people with asthma and other lung problems take. However, the interaction is most likely dose-related. It has only been reported with daily theophylline doses of 400 mg or more. In these cases, it took longer for cetirizine to leave the body. Talk to your doctor if you take theophylline and are considering cetirizine.
Cetirizine-D and brand-name versions, such as Zyrtec-D, are combination drugs. The “D” stands for decongestant. These drugs contain both cetirizine and the decongestant pseudoephedrine.
Your doctor may tell you that cetirizine-D is not for you if you have any of these conditions:
Cetirizine is an over-the-counter drug that can relieve mild to moderate allergy symptoms. Like any drug, especially over-the-counter medication, you should understand all of the considerations before you start taking it.
Talk to your doctor about any questions you have about your symptoms and any other conditions you may have. Your doctor may recommend a different antihistamine or a combination drug of cetirizine and another product. It may require a prescription.
Here are a few questions you might ask your doctor about cetirizine:
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Kurowski M(1), Kuna P, Górski P.
Author information:
(1)Division of Pneumonology and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland.
Comment in
Allergy. 2004 Mar;59(3):276-9.
BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to investigate effects of 6-week
pretreatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis (AR) with cetirizine, and montelukast,
alone and in combination. Antihistamine/antileukotriene treatment is effective in
AR. Antihistamines may prevent AR symptoms while prophylactic activity of
antileukotrienes remains unclear.
METHODS: Sixty AR patients, aged 18-35 years, were randomized to receive placebo,
montelukast only, cetirizine only, or montelukast plus cetirizine, 6 weeks prior
and 6 weeks after the beginning of grass pollen season. Mean self-recorded
in-season symptom scores and mean weekly all-symptom scores were analyzed. In 31
patients, nasal lavages were performed before treatment, and at the end of the
study, i.e. 12 weeks after the treatment initiation. Eosinophil and basophil
counts, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and mast cell tryptase (MCT) levels
were evaluated in lavage samples.
RESULTS: Combined montelukast/cetirizine pretreatment significantly reduced
in-season symptom score for sneezing, eye itching, nasal itching, rhinorrhea, and
congestion. Montelukast plus cetirizine were more effective than cetirizine alone
in preventing eye itching, rhinorrhea, and nasal itching. Moreover, combined
pretreatment with montelukast and cetirizine delayed appearance of AR symptoms.
Eosinophil nasal lavage fluid counts were significantly increased during pollen
season in placebo and montelukast-only groups. No differences were observed in
basophil counts. The in-season ECP level was significantly increased in all
groups except montelukast-plus-cetirizine group. In-season MCT levels were not
increased.
CONCLUSION: Combined antihistamine and antileukotriene treatment started 6 weeks
before the pollen season is effective in preventing AR symptoms and reduces
allergic inflammation in nasal mucosa during natural allergen exposure.
داروی cetirizine 10
